Abstract
In this work, a foldable ring-shaped light-emitting diode (LED) lighting assembly, designed to attach to a rubber wound retractor, is realized and tested through porcine animal experiments. Enabled by the small size and the high efficiency of LED chips, the lighting assembly is compact, flexible, and disposable while providing direct and high brightness lighting for more uniform background illumination in video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). When compared with a conventional fiber bundle coupled light source that is usually used in laparoscopy and endoscopy, the much broader solid angle of illumination enabled by the LED assembly allows greatly improved background lighting and imaging quality in VATS.
Highlights
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are known to possess advantageous attributes, such as compactness, long life, high efficiency, and high brightness
We have developed a foldable and flexible LED lighting module using white light LED chips to serve as auxiliary lighting for video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), which is widely adopted in thoracoscopy procedures.[6]
The module was powered with overheat protection to prevent accidental burning of the LED chips or nearby tissues in direct contact, with the maximum temperature set at 40°C
Summary
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are known to possess advantageous attributes, such as compactness, long life, high efficiency, and high brightness They have been widely applied in biomedical illumination under various scenarios[1,2] and present as a viable replacement of xenon arc lamp in many forthcoming and critical applications.[3,4,5] In this work, we have developed a foldable and flexible LED lighting module using white light LED chips to serve as auxiliary lighting for video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), which is widely adopted in thoracoscopy procedures.[6] VATS allows the doctors to view the chest cavity by opening small incisions and is a form of minimal invasive surgery.[7] The small wounds greatly facilitate shorter hospital stay, faster recoveries,[8] and reduced risk of infection for patients, in comparison with traditional thoracotomy.[9]. The novel advantages and potentials of LED lighting for surgery include direct and highly efficiency illumination, greater flexibility in
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