Comorbidity of schizophrenia and diabetes mellitus at the present stage of development of an interdisciplinary approach to treatment and diagnosis

Abstract

The article presents an overview of the current problem of comorbidity of schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes mellitus, the diseases that considerably limit the quality of life of patients and cause significant difficulties in patient management. We seek to clarify the current understanding of the factors contributing to the coexistence of these diseases, highlighting the potential role of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors in this regard. Particular attention is paid to the effect of antipsychotic drugs on glucose metabolism and the development of insulin resistance, which may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes in patients with schizophrenia. Data from the most relevant studies on this issue are presented, and possible strategies for managing patients with these conditions are discussed. The purpose of this article is not only to collect and systematize the existing information on the comorbidity of schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes, but also to stimulate further research in this area to develop effective approaches to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with these comorbid pathologies.