COMORBIDITIES AT THE TUBERCULOSIS AMONG CHILDREN

Abstract

The aim: To study the structure of clinical forms of tuberculosis (TB) which are combined with the comorbidities, to prevent the development, and to improve the diagnostics of TB among children with nonspecific diseases. Materials and methods: A retrospective, selective research of 330 cards of children for the age group from 0 to 15 years old who were treated on local forms of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB in a specialized pediatric department for the last 30 years was conducted. Results: Among 92.9 % children with comorbidities, the specific process of respiratory system was detected. Every seventh child has developed generalized forms of pulmonary TB. 43.8 % of children had extrapulmonary TB. In the structure of comorbidities among children with extrapulmonary TB were observed iron deficiency anemia, the diseases of digestive and endocrine systems, malnutrition, cachexia and rickets. The iron deficiency anemia was accompanied by TB of the peripheral LN and TB of the CNS. TB of the rare localization and TB of the CNS were combined with diseases of the digestive system. At pulmonary TB were detected infectious and parasitic diseases. The concomitant pathology of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems was often detected with the TB of intrathoracic LN, and concomitant pathology of the eyes, ears and CNS – with primary tuberculosis complex. The variety of comorbidities and extrapulmonary TB has led to the diagnostic errors and prolonged stay of children in several somatic hospitals. Conclusions: To prevent the development of TB among children with non-specific diseases, it is necessary to strengthen anti-TB measures among them.