Abstract
Background:The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of patients with intracranial suppurative infection (ISI) by review of clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings.Methods:The data collected from all patients who had been diagnosed with ISI and followed up at the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department of the study site between 1998 and 2013 were reviewed.Results:Of the 23 ISI patients identified, the mean age was 38.21 ± 12.61 years (range: 19–67 years, median: 34) and mean symptom duration was 22.25 ± 20.22 days. Headache was the most common symptom, the frontal lobe the most common localization of ISI, and mastoiditis due to chronic suppurative otitis media the most common source of infection causing ISI. Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Enterococcus avium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and Toxoplasma gondii were isolated from the specimens collected from 6 (37.5%) of the 16 patients who underwent invasive procedures. Of these 16 patients, 2 underwent craniotomy, 12 burr hole aspiration, and 2 stereotactic biopsy. The rate of recurrence was 0% and the rates of sequelae and fatality were both 8%.Conclusions:ISI should be considered in male patients presenting with headache and neurological signs and symptoms, whether with or without fever, on admission for early diagnosis and provision of timely, adequate therapy and, if required, surgical intervention to reduce mortality and sequelae rates.
Highlights
The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of patients with intracranial suppurative infection (ISI) by review of clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings
Surgical Neurology International 2014, 5:142 cerebritis followed by capsule formation within 2 weeks of cerebritis onset.[3]In ISI patients, the infectious process attacks the central nervous system (CNS), which is vulnerable and incapable of exerting a significant immune defense by itself,[15] generally leading to subdural empyema after sinusitis due to breach of the dura mater.[3]
Pia mater has been identified as a strong barrier against invasion of bacteria that cause bacterial meningitis, and rupture of the abscess into ventricle or subarachnoid space resulting in rapid deterioration of the clinical condition and neck stiffness.[6]The magnitude of the signs and symptoms of ISI are related to the site of localization, size and number of lesions, and magnitude of injury.[8]Leukocytosis and raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate are observed in 80% of patients with ISI.[20]Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination is contraindicated in patients with a suspected intracranial occupying lesion.[18]With the advancement of radiological modalities and development of a great number of broad‐spectrum antibiotics, the number of ISI cases has decreased over the past years
Summary
The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of patients with intracranial suppurative infection (ISI) by review of clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings
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