Abstract
The northern coast of the Central Java province is considered to be the critical area of flood path. The area is vulnerable to floods because of incessant rain and/or sea-level rise, resulting in suffering to people and the deterioration of the ecosystem. A number of measures have been implemented to manage the problem of floods, although the results are not noteworthy. It is obvious that infrastructure capacity for flood control, community awareness and other multiple factors significantly contribute to averting the problem of flooding in the area. This study aimed to determine the level of flood-zone vulnerability, the level of community resilience to floods and the influence of vulnerability aspects on community resilience. Interviews were conducted to outline the resilience model. A quantitative method was employed to analyse the data. The results of this study indicated that the exposure aspect is the greatest variable in describing flood vulnerability. At the same time, the greatest variables determining community resilience are damages, followed by losses and personal casualties. Among the flood vulnerability aspects are the exposure and adaptive capacities that determine the community resilience of the northern coast of Central Java.
Highlights
Recent data have shown the vulnerability of the coastal zone to floods
In 1815 and 2015, there were 5233 instances of flooding, which accounted for approximately 38.99% of all the natural disasters in Indonesia (Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana [BNPB] 2016)
Flood risk showed that there were unsolved economic problems related to flood-zone vulnerability and community resilience to flood, which depicted an inefficiency in flood management
Summary
Recent data have shown the vulnerability of the coastal zone to floods. Indonesia is ranked sixth in the world with regard to exposure to flood risk (Isa 2016). In 1815 and 2015, there were 5233 instances of flooding, which accounted for approximately 38.99% of all the natural disasters in Indonesia (Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana [BNPB] 2016). Central Java province has a relatively high frequency of floods, in the northern coast of Central Java. During 2011–2015, there were 368 instances of flooding in Central Java, which indicated an increase in frequency. In Central Java, during 2011–2015, flooding resulted in 58 people being killed, 191 422 people being evacuated, an area of 31.012 ha and 139 km of roads being destroyed and 1104 houses being badly damaged (BNPB 2016)
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