Abstract
Noise due to surface transportation is still rising, but there is evidence that it is leveling off. The important change in the last five years has been the increase in knowledge of the relative importance of the noises from exhaust, intake, engine radiation, tires, and airflow and the extent to which they can be modified at reasonable cost. Trucks and motorcycles are still the most intrusive noise sources, with the latter showing some signs of improvement with the introduction of a water-cooled model by Suzuki. Radically new engines, such as the Wankel and gas turbine engines, are still too close to the experimental stage to show what they can do to decrease noise and abide by emission standards. Legislative control is the primary mechanism for overcoming the competition problems, which make manufacturers reluctant to incur the cost of noise reduction in the worst noise sources. More inclination to experiment has been shown by public bodies in road layout, design, and construction of barriers, but not always with full knowledge of the pitfalls and limitations of this approach.
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