Community Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields in Jerusalem: A Pilot Study

Abstract

ISEE-538 Objective: To map spatial distribution and hot spots for ELF and RF-MW in Jerusalem. Materials and Methods: Using maps and field surveys of high tension power lines (HTPL) (161 kV), location of cell phone antennas and transformer boxes, areas of potential risk for radiation exposure are identified in 3 Jerusalem neighborhoods. A Magnum 310 is used to measure ELF at a frequency of 40 to 310 Hz. A CA 43 Fieldmeter was used to measure RF-MW at a frequency of 0.1to 2500 MHz. Both use a 1-minute time weight. Measurements were taken at prechosen locations throughout the city, with findings mapped by GIS. Results: Readings >2 mG, (peak: 120 mG) were recorded near all 8 electrical transformer rooms. Three of these sites are in hallways with adjacent walls to residential apartments. In 1 older residential neighborhood (Beit HaKerem), the peak level in 3 residential locations close to HTPL was 1.5 mG. In contrast, 4 residential locations near newer HTPL (French Hill) readings ranged from 2.8 mG and 9.2mG. In 8 sites near cell phone antennae, intensity levels were <2 μW/cm2; however, 1 site recorded an intensity of 6.7 μW/cm2 at a distance of 20 meters from the source. Conclusions: Prior information from maps on location of power lines, transformers, and antennae helped us identify areas of potential concern for hot spots. The Benevento Statement of ICEMS has questioned the adequacy of INCRIP standards and has recommended application of precautionary strategies. The findings stated the case for notifying families living in apartments adjacent to transformers concerning hazard and potential risk and providing protective shielding. Municipal strategies for citywide exposure abatement include expanded identification of hot spots, burial of power lines, fiber optic last mile technologies, and other measures to reduce exposures to ELF and RF-MW to lowest possible levels.