Community Attitudes Toward Kidney Donation in India

Abstract

BackgroundThe poor progress in improving kidney donation rates in India spurred this research. MethodsWe first explored the awareness level and attitude of adults in relation to kidney donation as a function of age, gender, and religion (study A). We then ascertained the attitude of individuals towards cadaver kidney donation (study B). The sample in study A consisted of 84 adults from Mumbai representing both genders, 2 age groups, and 3 major religions. The sample in study B consisted of 155 participants from Mumbai, representing both genders, 4 religions, and a varied age group. A questionnaire was employed in both studies. ResultsParticipants had an average level of awareness regarding kidney donation (M = 29.25; SD = 5.91) and a neutral attitude toward it (M = 255.71; SD = 93.4). Younger adults (M = 32.05) had a higher level of awareness than older adults (M = 28.63; P = .008). Females (M = 280.31) had a more positive attitude than males (M = 231.10; P = .01). Hindus (M = 32.39) had a higher level of awareness than Muslims (M = 28.42; P = .04). Hindus (M = 279.00) and Christians (M = 283.90; P = .006) had a more positive attitude than Muslims (M = 204.22). After death, 76% were willing to donate their kidneys and 63%, those of their family members. Improving the quality of life of the patient with chronic kidney disease was the primary reason for donating a kidney. Prohibition by religion and anticipated objection by other family members were reasons advanced for not donating kidneys. ConclusionsThese findings can help to develop an education program to enhance kidney donation.