Abstract
A fundamental problem challenging natural scientists is to understand how macroscopic patterns, such as population abundance distributions and element ratios, emerge and are sustained in ecosystems, given that evolution typically operates most strongly at the level of individuals and their genomes. How do such patterns persist in the face of evolutionary innovation? In this paper, we explore this issue through dynamical models of community assembly and metapopulation dynamics in dynamic landscapes, and discuss individual-based approaches to the control of element cycles.
Highlights
COMPLEXITY AND LEVELS OF SELECTIONRamón Margalef has been an icon for a generation of ecologists
The increase in spacing between species with higher reproductive numbers limits the effect of new species on distant competitors, and provides the assemblage with a ‘structural resiliency’ that resists large-scale changes, even though it fails to resist to the establishment of new invaders
Invasion will occur only if the invader is able to persist in the dynamic landscape representing the resident community
Summary
SUMMARY: A fundamental problem challenging natural scientists is to understand how macroscopic patterns, such as population abundance distributions and element ratios, emerge and are sustained in ecosystems, given that evolution typically operates most strongly at the level of individuals and their genomes. How do such patterns persist in the face of evolutionary innovation? We explore this issue through dynamical models of community assembly and metapopulation dynamics in dynamic landscapes, and discuss individual-based approaches to the control of element cycles
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