COMMUNITIES RESISTENCY TOWARD ISTISHNA FUNDING POLICY

This study aims to map and analyze the forms, factors, and implications that cause stakeholder resistance to istishna' financing policies at Indonesian Syariah Bank in Palu and Jakarta. Data collection techniques were carried out using interview and library techniques. Data analysis uses content analysis with an objective approach to place the results of interviews and literature against each other. The data sources used are a collection of interviews and literature reviews. The results showed that there had been stakeholder resistance to istishna' financing in the two Indonesian Syariah Bankdue to being treated unfair in the form of an increase in the price of goods orders according to the length of instalments, the reworking of goods orders that were not by stakeholder tastes, and delays in delivering goods orders to stakeholders after falling. Tempo in the form of an additional budget to stakeholders. In addition, it is also found that the istishna financing process is complex, the risk of which is dominated by the burden on stakeholders. In addition, the narrowing of the istishna' financing target in the form of micro even though public interest and maqhasid sharia require a macro. Internal and external resistance factors cause stakeholder resistance to the istishna financing policy. These two factors have implications for the circulation of funds in Indonesian Syariah Bankin Palu and Jakarta, which take a long time, are unreliable, have the opportunity to go bankrupt, and take into account the possible risks that cause stakeholders' interest in using istishna financing to decrease. Actions must be taken against stakeholder resistance who experience istishna financing policies in the two Indonesian Syariah Bank, the prohibition of instalments if it causes an increase in the price of the order, the product must be completed at maturity, the product must be following the taste/agreement, there should be no additional funds due to the demand not following the agreement/customer's taste.

Indonesia's economy faced many challenges from 2019 to 2023, including the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, exchange rate fluctuations, and unstable inflation rates. If the BI Rate is lower, it can increase profit margins, while if BI Rate is higher, it can reduce profit margins, Fluctuating exchange rates can affect the operational costs of Islamic banks, if the Rupiah weakens, income from financing in foreign exchange will increase when converted to Rupiah. On the other hand, if the rupiah strengthens, income from financing in foreign currency will decrease when converted to rupiah. High inflation tends to reduce customer purchasing power, which can have a negative impact on profit-sharing income. The formulation of the problem of this study is: 1). Does the BI rate affect Bank Mega Syariah Indonesia's profit-sharing income in the 2019-2023 period? 2). Does the Rupiah exchange rate affect Bank Mega Syariah Indonesia's profit-sharing income in the 2029-2023 period? 3). Does inflation affect Bank Mega Indonesia's profit-sharing income in the 2019-2023 period? 4). Do BI Rate, Rupiah Exchange Rate and Inflation affect Bank Mega Syariah Indonesia's profit-sharing income for the 2019-2023 period? The method used in this study is associative quantitative research. The object of this research is the quarterly bank financial statements of Bank Mega Syariah Indonesia for the 2019-2023 period. The data collection technique uses documentation, data analysis uses multiple linear analysis tests. The result of this study is that the Bi Rate has no effect on Bank Mega Syariah Indonesia's profit-sharing income for the 2019-2023 period, this can be seen from the significance value of 0.078 > 0.05. The exchange rate has no effect on Bank Mega Syariah Indonesia's profit-sharing income for the 2019-2023 period, this can be seen from the significance value of 0.716 > 0.05. Inflation affects Bank Mega Syariah Indonesia's profit-sharing income for the 2019-2023 period this can be seen from a significance value of 0.036 < 0.05. BI Rate, Exchange Rate, and Inflation affect Bank Mega Syariah Indonesia's profit-sharing income for the 2019-2023 period, this can be seen from the significance value of 0.008 < 0.05.

Acting in the Public Interest: Learnings and Commentary on the Occupational Licensure Literature

Companies should chooseproper competitive tools to be successful in their environment. Beingsuccessful is closely associated with being competitive. Therefore, at the beginning of this work, ageneral look to Competitiveness is taken. In addition to this, the reasons forcompanies to compete are explained. Furthermore, the external and internalfactors related to competitiveness are listed. In further sections, the exampleof Gübretaş is assessed with internal and external competitive factors and itscompetitive tools are explained. Advices for Gübretaş to be more competitiveare also given. In this paper, the reasons for companies to compete are statedand external and internal factors affecting the competition level of companiesare explained. Combination of these external and internal factors affects levelof the competition, In other words, it affects the success of thecompanies. Therefore, the companiesshould deeply analyze these factors, so that they can choose the bestcombination of tools for competition. Being more competitive let the companiesgain more market share in their field. Being big gives advantages for companies. The reason for this is thatbig companies can have more sources than other ordinary companies. Thesecompanies use tools like price, promotion, etc to compete with ordinarycompanies. Therefore, if today’s companies want to obtain success in thecompetition, they should increase their sources as much as possible to defendthemselves against attacks by their competitors. To do this, they shoulddetermine the best practices for competition.

E-cigarette policy has varied across jurisdictions, contrasting with the previous coordinated approach of international tobacco control communities. A multi-method case study approach was used to understand the role of evidence and external and internal contextual factors in the development of public health recommendations across four purposively selected jurisdictions (WHO, UK, Australia and USA). Informed by Dobrow et al.'s (2004) conceptual framework for context-based evidencebased decision-making, four data sources were drawn upon: 1) 15 public health bodies' e-cigarette recommendation documents, 2) seven development documents produced by the public health bodies, 3) sources of evidence cited in the public health bodies' recommendation documents and 4) 15 qualitative interviews with experts. Thematic analysis and citation analysis were conducted to aid triangulation of evidence. We found a complex interplay between internal and external factors which influence the role and use of evidence in the development of e-cigarette recommendations. For example, recommendation documents' remit (internal factor) was influenced by various external factors such as epidemiology and policy history, with decisions made over time having reshaped the external context. Considering the findings with respect to evidence utilisation, we propose a modified version of Dobrow et al.'s (2004) framework, highlighting the important interplay between internal and external contextual factors. This research suggest internal and external contextual factors mutually interact and influence how evidence is incorporated into recommendations. This dynamic interplay of contextual factors may help explain the why different policy approaches are pursued concerning public health topics, particularly e-cigarettes.

The investment climate that attracts investors in welcoming the industrial era 4.0 is the growth of infrastructure supported by the presence of construction companies and adequate transportation equipment. Industrial competitiveness in the field of construction and transportation are two interrelated business fields. The growth and competitiveness of the two fields are influenced by the quality of the company's performance. The quality of a company's performance is influenced by several determinants that influence the success of a business entity, namely internal factors and external factors. Internal and external factors of the company are very important and influence the company's success. The research objective discussed in this article is the analysis of business entities that affect the competitiveness of the construction industry and the shipbuilding industry. The intended business entity is an environment that influences the development of the two industries. The environment in question is the internal and external environment of the company that affects the competitiveness of the national construction and shipyard industry in Indonesia. The method used to obtain data in achieving these objectives is with literature studies and surveys to identify problems and factors that influence the success of both business fields. The approach of the analytical method used in this study is multivariate analysis. The results showed internal and external factors that affect the competitiveness of the construction industry and shipyard industry in Indonesia have many similarities, internal factors that have the highest loading factors are: financial of the company, markets, technology , and the ability of the facilities owned. External factors that influence include: economic and political stability related to financial capability, cooperation, project availability, R&D, and government policies that support the growth and development of the construction industry and shipyard industry.

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of internal and external factors on the performance of IKM Batik actors in Denpasar City. The sample in this study was the perpetrators of IKM Batik in Denpasar City as many as 57 people. Sources of data used are primary and secondary data. Data analysis using SPSS for Windows version 21. The data collection procedure in this study used observation techniques, documentation studies, and questionnaires using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis.The results obtained from statistical analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence between internal factors on the performance of KM Batik in Denpasar City, seen from the t-test results, it is obtained that t1-count is 4.175 greater than t-table of 1.671 and sig value of 0.000. There is a positive and significant influence between external factors on the performance of IKM Batik in Denpasar City, seen from the results of the t-test, the t2-count is 6.099 which is greater than the t-table of 1.671 and the sig value is 0.000. There is a positive and significant influence between internal and external factors on the performance of IKM Batik in Denpasar City, the F-count is 91.336 which is greater than the F-table of 3.11

Inmates have a great potential to generate pressures that make them unhappy. This can lead to stress and tend to have a desire to commit suicide. To minimize this they need the ability to look for happiness in order to reduce the negative impact arising from the situation in prisons. There are two factors that affect happiness is internal and external factors. Internal factors, there are 3 (three), namely the satisfaction of the past, optimism about the future, and happiness in the present. External factors are 5 (five), namely social life, religion or religiosity, marriage, money and health. This study used qualitative techniques in analyzing the data. Data were obtained through interviews and observations. The number of research subjects are four people according to specified criteria. The results showed on the subject C supporting factors of happiness comes from internal and external factors likely to be achieved, on the subject W and D tend to be achieved on the factors supporting the happiness derived from external factors alone. On the subject of A tends not achieved the supporting factors of happiness derived from external and internal factors. The conclusion from this study is only one subject that is the subject of C which tends achieved in supporting factors of happiness derived from external and internal factors, the remaining three subjects achieved only on external happiness factors alone, or internal only. If the views of external and internal factors supporting factors of happiness, of 4 subjects only 3 subjects tend to be achieved in the happiness of external factors, while the source of happiness internal factors, of 4 subjects only one subject that tends to be achieved. Keywords : Happiness, Women Prisoners

Family welfare is largely influenced by internal, external and family management factors. Internal family factors that affect welfare include: income, education, employment, number of family members, age, asset ownership and savings; while external factors that affect prosperity are easy financial access to financial institutions, access to government assistance, easy access to goods / equipment credit and location of residence. Meanwhile, elements. This study aims to get the demography profile of social, economy the villagers in Mulyasejati. examine the factors that influence family welfare in the village of Mulyasejati. This research uses a quantitative approach with cross-sectional design by questionnaire taken from 90 family heads. Data analysis uses multiple regression. The results showed the relationship of internal factors on family welfare obtained R =.487 with a significance level =.000 <0.05 then there is a relationship of internal factors on family welfare, the relationship of external factors on family welfare obtained a value of R =.528 with a significance level =.027 <0.05, then there is a relationship between external factors on family well-being, management factors on family well-being obtained R =.559 with a significance level =.043 <0.05, then there is a relationship between management factors on family welfare. Factors affecting family welfare are internal factors 23.7%, external factors 4.2%, and family management 3.4%.
 Keywords: family welfare internal factors, family welfare external factors, family management, family welfare

This study aims to describe how the teacher's strategy in fostering student learning discipline as well as the factors that influence the learning discipline of third-grade students at State Elementary School 67 Pekanbaru. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. Sources of data in this study are a third-grade guardian and all third-grade students. Data collection techniques in this study used interview, observation, and documentation techniques. Data analysis used the Milles and Huberman model with three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the strategies used by the teacher in building student learning discipline were guiding and directing student behavior in a positive direction, showing good disciplinary behavior in students, supervising all student behavior at school, controlling all student behavior at school, and giving appropriate punishments or rewards. constructive nature. Then, the factors that influence student learning discipline are internal factors and external factors. Internal factors are factors from within the students themselves and external factors, namely family environmental factors, school environmental factors, and community environmental factors.

The article identifies and mathematically substantiates vectors of reforming the financial monitoring system based on the synergistic approach in the cross-country context by developing scenarios by selecting internal and external factors that stimulate money laundering. The key external and internal factors of the money laundering process intensification are indicated. Competitive advantages of the anti-money laundering processes, the achievement of which is possible in terms of key external and internal factors for activation of money laundering process are formed. The relationship between the key internal and external factors of money laundering intensification and competitive advantages by building a binary characteristic matrix is formed. The synergy effect made by the mutual influence of simultaneously acting internal and external factors – a quantitative feature of the further strategy of the financial monitoring system reforming in terms of cross-country analysis is calculated. An economic-mathematical model for evaluating and interpreting strategy for improving the financial monitoring system in terms of cross-country context based on integer optimization is developed. In the article, there is calculation of the number of competitive advantages received by each observed country, without considering the possible synergy effect of mutual influence of simultaneously acting internal and external factors on each other. Moreover, there is quantitative assessment of the synergy effect made by the emergence of additional competitive advantages due to a certain combination of simultaneous influence made by external and internal factors of the money laundering intensification. The “ideal” situation of the possibility of gaining all possible competitive advantages in reforming the financial monitoring system in terms of cross-country context by overcoming internal and external factors stimulating the money laundering is studied. The results of the cross-country analysis form a basis for the further formalization of the limits for quantitative evaluation of the developed strategies through a uniform distribution.

The research is aimed at: (1) knowing the influence of Islamic branding on public interest in becoming a customer at BSI Branch Gowa; (2) finding out the impact of Shariah financial literature on the interest of the public being a customer at BSI Gowa Branch; (3) knowing about the effect of service quality on the public's interest in becoming a customer; and (4) learning about the influences of Muslim branding, shariah finance literature, and service quality on public interest in becoming a client at BSI Branch Gowa. This type of research is quantitative and descriptive. The data used is primary data. Primary data is collected using questionnaires, observations, and documentation. double-linear regression test analysis method. Sampling is a simple, random sampling technique. The sample used as many as 80 respondents, and data analysis was done using IBM SPSS 28. The results of this study show that: (1) Islamic branding has no positive and non-significant influence on public interest in BSI Gowa Branch; (2) Shariah financial literacy has a positive and significant influence upon public interest to become a customer of BSI Gowa Branch; (3) Service quality has a negative and significant impact on the interest of the public in becoming a customer; and (4) Islamic branding, Sharial literature, and Service quality have a positive and significant effect on the public's interest in being a customer at BSI Gowa Branch. Implications in this study are that Islamic branding has become an early reflection of BSI Gowa branch operating in accordance with the principle of shariah, even though the public is not fully aware of this. A high level of understanding of the sharial financial literature can give a boost to the public, especially about BSI Gwang Gowa branch, and good service quality is able to have a positive impact on the development of BSI Gowa branches.

<p><em>The aim of this study was to: (1) analyze the influence of </em><em>service quality variables</em><em> (corporal efficiency, core banking, convenience, confidence, compliance and cost-benefit ratio) </em><em>which </em><em>simultaneously influence customer</em><em>s’</em><em> satisfaction </em><em>of Bank </em><em>Muamalat and BSM </em><em>B</em><em>anjarmasin branch, (2) analyze the influence of service quality variables (corporal efficiency, core banking, convenience, confidence, compliance and cost-benefit) </em><em>which </em><em>partial</em><em>ly</em><em> </em><em>a</em><em>ffect customer</em><em>s’</em><em> satisfaction o</em><em>f</em><em> </em><em>B</em><em>ank Muamalat and BSM </em><em>B</em><em>anjarmasin</em><em> </em><em>branch, (3) analyz</em><em>e</em><em> differen</em><em>t levels of </em><em>customer</em><em>s’</em><em> satisfaction (customer satisfaction) between Bank Muamalat Indonesia </em><em>and </em><em>Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM).</em></p><p><em>The population in this study </em><em>were</em><em> customer</em><em>s</em><em> of Bank Muamalat </em><em>Indonesia </em><em>and Bank Syariah Mandiri Banjarmasin </em><em>b</em><em>ranch with </em><em>a </em><em>of 100 people. T</em><em>he t</em><em>echnique used in </em><em>taking </em><em>sampl</em><em>e was </em><em>judgmental sampling</em><em>. Testing the validity of the questionnaire was conducted using Pearson Product Moment, while the reliability test </em><em>of </em><em>questionnaire </em><em>used </em><em>Cronbach Alpha method. The data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression and One-way ANOVA.</em></p><p><em>Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis </em><em>it </em><em>showed that the variables of service quality</em><em>,</em><em> that</em><em> were,</em><em> corporal efficiency, core banking, convenience, confidence, compliance and cost-benefit ratio simultaneously significant</em><em>ly</em><em> </em><em>a</em><em>ffect</em><em>ed</em><em> customer</em><em>s’</em><em> satisfaction. </em><em>P</em><em>artially</em><em>,</em><em> only four variables that significantly </em><em>affected, </em><em>namely convenience, confidence, compliance and cost-benefit, while the corporal variable efficiency, core banking had no significant effect. </em><em>B</em><em>ased on the analysis of one-way ANOVA </em><em>it </em><em>showed that there was no difference in satisfaction between customers of Bank Muamalat Indonesia and Bank Syariah Mandiri</em><em>.</em></p>

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>Employees are the main capital in a company or organization including hospitals. Good health services are produced by hospital employees who have great motivation in working. Motivation is influenced by basic human needs including physiological needs, a sense of belonging, a sense of security, self-actualization, and appreciation. This study aims to determine and assess external and internal factors that affect employee motivation at Materna Hospital Medan. This research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The population of all employees working at Materna Hospital Medan amounted to 137 people and all of them were sampled. Data collection techniques through questionnaire dissemination, documentation, and literature study. The analysis method uses univariate, multivariate, and bivariate analysis using multiple linear regression equations. Research findings show that internal factors in the form of recognition affect employee motivation at Materna Medan Hospital while internal factors in the form of responsibility and work itself do not influence. External factors in the form of compensation, supervisors, and relationships with colleagues affect the motivation of employees at Materna Medan Hospital while external factors in the form of working conditions do not influence. Internal and external factors that predominantly influence motivation are internal factors in the form of recognition. It is recommended to hospital management/leaders give statements of recognition to employees according to their performance, and compensate accordingly and supervisors should understand the nature and characteristics of employees who are subordinates to be able to provide appropriate motivation.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong><em>Keywords : Internal Factors, External Factors, Work Motivation, Hospital Employees</em></strong></p>

رویکرد این پژوهش آمیخته (کیفی – کمی) است، در بخش کیفی از روش پدیدار شناسی و در بخش کمی از روش توصیفی-پیمایشی بهره گرفته شد. نمونه آماری در بخش کیفی متخصصان و صاحب نظران حوزه علوم تربیتی، روانشناسی، جامعه شناسی و علوم اجتماعی بود. جامعه­ی آماری پژوهش در بخش کمی شامل کلیه دانش‌آموزان دوره‌های تحصیلی (ابتدایی، متوسطه اول و دوم)، والدین و کارکنان مدارس شهر ساری و نکا بوده است. روش نمونه‌گیری در بخش کیفی هدفمند و در بخش کمی خوشه‌ای به صورت چند مرحله‌ای است که تعداد 386 نفر به عنوان نمونه آماری جهت بررسی انتخاب شدند. برای تعیین حجم نمونه مورد نظر از فرمول کوکران استفاده شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌های پژوهش در بخش کیفی مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته و در بخش کمی پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بود که روایی صوری و محتوایی پرسشنامه مورد تأیید متخصصان و اساتید قرار گرفت و پایایی پرسشنامه از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ در یک مطالعه مقدماتی بر روی 40 نفر94/0 محاسبه شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از طریق تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که چهار عامل فرایندها (16 شاخص)، زیرساخت‌ها (12 شاخص)، عوامل داخلی (9 شاخص) و عوامل خارجی (9 شاخص) در توانمندسازی مدارس در حوزه نظام مراقبت اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان تأثیرگذار هستند.