Abstract
A leveller additive, 2-mercapto-5-benzimidazolesulfonic acid (2M5S), is characterized and monitored by cyclic voltammetry stripping (CVS) measurements using a rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE). The ring current gradually decreases with the increase of 2M5S concentration from 1 to 8 ppm. The relationship between the ring current and 2M5S concentration is used for determining the deterioration of the low thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) copper electrodeposition solution. The amount of 2M5S in the 20-hour-electrolyzed solution has been monitored then supplied. The copper pipe electrodeposited with the refreshed solution achieved low TEC, approximately the same as the copper pipe electrodeposited with the fresh solution.
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