Communicating the diagnosis of cancer or depression: Results of a randomized controlled online study using video vignettes.

Abstract

BackgroundCommunicating a diagnosis is highly important, yet complex, especially in the context of cancer and mental disorders. The aim was to explore the communication style of an oncologist vs. psychotherapist in an online study.MethodsPatients (N = 136: 65 cancer, 71 depression) were randomly assigned to watch a standardized video vignette with one of two communication styles (empathic vs. unempathic). Outcome measures of affectivity, information recall, communication skills, empathy and trust were applied.ResultsRegardless of diagnosis, empathic communication was associated with the perception of a significantly more empathic (p < 0.001, ηpartial2 = 0.08) and trustworthy practitioner (p = 0.014, ηpartial2 = 0.04) with better communication skills (p = 0.013, ηpartial2 = 0.05). Cancer patients reported a larger decrease in positive affect (p < 0.001, ηpartial2 = 0.15) and a larger increase in negative affect (p < 0.001, ηpartial2 = 0.14) from pre‐ to post‐video than depressive patients. Highly relevant information was recalled better in both groups (p < 0.001, d = 0.61–1.06).ConclusionsThe results highlight the importance of empathy while communicating both a diagnosis of cancer and a mental disorder. Further research should focus on the communication of a mental disorder in association with cancer.