Common peroneal nerve palsy after primary total hip arthroplasty.

Abstract

The study wants to evaluate the incidence, the clinical evolution, and treatment of common peroneal nerve (CPN) palsy after primary total hip arthroplasty. Our clinical prospective study was made between January 2016 and December 2020. The study group comprised 1240 total hip replacements over a period of fiveyears. Six cases were diagnosed with CPN palsy (0.48%). Five were women and one man, aged from 52 to 71years old. The common peroneal nerve lesion was diagnosed clinically and by electromyography. The follow-up period was at least 24months post-operatively. In all six cases, there was a complete common peroneal nerve palsy, documented by electromyography. The poorest results were obtained in the older patients and those who had the highest body mass index, which at twoyears post-operatively achieved only a partial sensory rehabilitation, with complete motor deficit. All patients can walk unassisted, without support, with one case having complete rehabilitation achieved 18months postoperatively and three with partial rehabilitation. CPN palsy after primary THA is a very serious complication with poor functional outcome. There is no consensus regarding the treatment. The age and the intensity of the rehabilitation program are the only significant factors for the medical rehabilitation after this debilitating post-operative complication.