Abstract
Background gamma-radiation (20-400 KeV) monitoring in the near-surface layer of the atmosphere has been carried out by Polar Geophysical Institute (PGI) for many years. This radiation originates in the atmosphere by cosmic rays. In propagation through the atmosphere, the flux of soft radiation experiences variations which are induced by various processes in the atmosphere. A unique and extensive database has been collected on the level of the soft gamma-radiation occurring in 2009-2017. Measurements are made with the help of similar detectors developed at PGI. All the stations observe the event which was for the first time discovered by the authors: gamma-background increase at precipitation. These increases are not related to any radionuclides in precipitation. Increases are observed only in the electromagnetic component originating in the atmosphere from cosmic rays. The complex analysis of the data collected has shown that the characteristics of the events (such as amplitude, duration, the count-rate, a total energy) have clear differences through the seasons at each station. The analysis of the events shows that variations of the background gamma-radiation can be used to study some atmospheric processes in the lower atmosphere.
Highlights
At present, monitoring of soft gammaradiation (20400 KeV) coming from the atmosphere, is conducted, besides Apatity and Barentsburg, in Tiksi, Yakutsk, Mondy, RostovonDon
A precipitation gauge developed at the Laboratory of Arctic, Polar Geophysical Institute (PGI), [2], is included into the gammabackground monitoring system
The precipitation gauge is not gauged for making absolute measurements, showing relative intensity of precipitation each minute
Summary
At present, monitoring of soft gammaradiation (20400 KeV) coming from the atmosphere, is conducted, besides Apatity and Barentsburg, in Tiksi, Yakutsk, Mondy (the Sayan mountains), RostovonDon. Just from the beginning of observations, it was revealed that during precipitation, the gamma radiation flux increases by tens of percents. The relationship between precipitation and increase has been determined by special measurements made in Apatity At this station, a precipitation gauge developed at the Laboratory of Arctic, PGI, [2], is included into the gammabackground monitoring system. The precipitation gauge is not gauged for making absolute measurements (the amount of precipitation, mm/hr), showing relative intensity of precipitation each minute The virtue of this precipitation gauge is in that its data are produced each minute and are convenient for comparison with the data of detectors. With other variations of gammaradiation (for example, a daily variation of 23 %) being observed, the following decision has been made: the changes in the gammabackground less than 5 % are not considered as the event of increase
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