Common childhood ailments: Head lice

Abstract

Head lice are a common problem, particularly in school children aged 4–11. The severity of infestation on an individual child can vary from a few lice (fewer than 10) to over 1000 in severe cases. Head lice infestation is known as pediculosis capitis, and ‘nits’ are the empty egg cases attached to hair from which head lice hatch. This article provides advice for health visitors and parents on preventing and treating head lice.