Common Beans and Oat Snack Bars Attenuated Hypertriglyceridemia Markers in a Randomized Clinical Trial of Mexican Women

Abstract

Abstract Objectives This research aimed to assess the metabolic impact of the daily intake of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and oats (Avena sativa) snack bars (BOSB) on the attenuation of hypertriglyceridemia markers in Mexican women. We hypothesized that the bioactive compounds from BOSB (phenolic compounds and dietary fiber) would improve the plasma protein profile and biochemical parameters related to lipid metabolism. Methods The proximal and nutraceutical composition (dietary fiber content, free phenolic compounds, oligosaccharides, and antioxidant capacity) of BOSB was carried out. A randomized parallel clinical trial (8 weeks) was conducted with hypertriglyceridemic women (TG > 150 mg/dL) allocated to BOSB (n = 14) and control (n = 12) groups. Both groups received nutritional orientation, but the BOSB-group consumed 50 g/day of the snack bar. Anthropometric measurements and fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and after 8 weeks (≥ 90% study adherence). Plasma biochemical analyses (glucose, TG, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, C-reactive protein, insulin, and HOMA index) and proteomic measurements (Human Obesity Antibody Array) were conducted. Results BOSB primarily contained carbohydrates (60.57%), from which total dietary fiber accounts for more than 50%. Raffinose (8.22 mg/g) and stachyose (25.34%) were the identified oligosaccharides, while gallic acid (237.97 mg/g) and (+)-catechin (82.31 mg/g) the major phenolic acid and flavonoid, respectively. The BOSB group exhibited significant (p < 0.05) lower TG (-34%) and glucose levels (-3.8%) compared to basal levels. Forty proteins (mainly TSHB, F3, TIMP2, DLK1, SPARC, CCL3, GHRL, FGF10 and, ACE) were differentially modulated by the BOSB consumption. Bioinformatic analyses from the proteomic quantifications showed a relationship with the inhibition of pre-adipocyte maturation, adipogenesis, and hepatic β-oxidation. Conclusions Our results suggested that BOSB daily intake for 8 weeks improved lipid-metabolism parameters and attenuated hypertriglyceridemia markers in Mexican women, showing promissory potential for TG reduction without diet restriction. Funding Sources The funding received by CONACyT is appreciated.