Common bean yield under water suppression and application of osmoprotectants

Fabiano J De C Bastos,Cássio J Tavares,Marconi B Teixeira,Camylla V Sousa,Antonio E C Sousa,Frederico A L Soares

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n8p697-701

Fabiano J De C Bastos, Cássio J Tavares + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n8p697-701

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the common bean crop grown with application of osmoprotectants based on algae of the genus Durvillaea potatorum in the winter crop season, with occurrence or not of water suppression. The experiment used a randomized block design, in split plots, arranged in a 4x7 factorial scheme, in which the plots were composed of four treatments - periods of water suppression (7, 14, 21 days and the control treatment: 100% of field capacity throughout the crop cycle) and the subplots consisted of seven types of osmoprotectants. The treatments with osmoprotectants was applied during the full flowering of the common bean. Three days after application of osmoprotectants, the treatments with suppression of irrigation were established. The use of osmoprotectants based on algae of the genus Durvillaea does not affect the variables plant height, stem diameter, stem and pod dry matter, first pod height, number of pods per plant and number of grains per pod in common bean plants cultivated with occurrence of water suppression. Common bean plants under water restriction conditions have lower leaf and shoot dry matter and lower 100-grain weight. Common bean grain yield was influenced by the type of osmoprotectants and the water suppression period.

Highlights

The common bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most traditional foods, with significant social and economic importance
The greatest use of these substrates occurs in the continent of Oceania, still little known, while tissue analyses demonstrated that 46 to 60% of the weight of this species is composed of carbohydrates, which could act in the signaling in plant tissues (Craig, 2011)
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of common bean cultivated under the application of osmoprotectants based on extracts of marine algae of the genus Durvillaea potatorum in the winter crop season, with occurrence or not of water suppression

Summary

Introduction

The common bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most traditional foods, with significant social and economic importance. Brazil stands out as the largest producer and consumer of beans in the world. In the season of 2013/2014, it was estimated that approximately 3.3 million hectares of common bean were cultivated internally, with mean yield of 1,026 kg ha-1 (CONAB, 2015). Water deficit is one of the main causes of failure in common bean yield (Carvalho et al, 2014), especially when it occurs in three critical stages, which are germination, flowering and grain filling, leading to low grain yield (Soratto et al, 2003). Extracts of various algae genera, such as Ascophyllum spp., Laminaria spp., Ecklonia spp., Sargassum spp. and Durvillaea spp., have been used in agriculture to minimize the losses caused by water restriction. The greatest use of these substrates occurs in the continent of Oceania, still little known, while tissue analyses demonstrated that 46 to 60% of the weight of this species is composed of carbohydrates, which could act in the signaling in plant tissues (Craig, 2011)

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