Abstract
ABSTRACT The use of filler liming in the sowing furrow can improve the chemical characteristics of the soil and, together with nitrogen fertilization, increase common bean yield. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of filler liming of the sowing furrow along with nitrogen topdressing fertilization on the yield of common bean, cultivar Pérola, irrigated by central pivot, in the Cerrado Region. The field experiments were conducted for three consecutive cropping years, in a randomized block design with four replications, in a 2x4 factorial scheme, consisting of two doses of nitrogen topdressing fertilization (zero and 60 kg ha-1 of N) and four doses of filler liming application in the sowing furrow (0, 200, 400 and 600 kg ha-1 of CaCO3). The plant density (PD), number of pods (NP), number of grains (NG), mass of 100 grains (M100) and, grain yield (GY) were evaluated. The use of 60 kg ha-1 of N provided greater M100 and GY. The increase of the filler liming doses in the sowing furrow led to a reduction of the NP. The filler liming dose of 200 kg ha-1 provided higher values of NG and M100, and when combined with the nitrogen topdressing fertilization, improved the GY of the common bean.
Highlights
The common bean has great economic importance for Brazil
The evaluation of the effects of filler liming doses and the topdressing applications of N on common bean revealed that the plant density (PD), the number of pods per plant (NP), the number of grains (NG), the mass of 100 grains (M100) and the grain yield (GY) differed between the evaluated cropping years (Table 2)
A tendency to reduce GY was observed at filler liming doses greater than 200 kg ha-1, it was found that in the two cropping years in which the study was conducted on soils with lower pH values (2014 = 5.7 and 2015 = 5.4) responses in the GY of common bean to filler liming were observed. These results indicate that, even in soils with adequate pH values, the application of small doses of filler limestone in the sowing furrow can provide significant increases in the grain yield of the crop (NASCENTE; COBUCCI, 2015a), since the use of lime provides better conditions for plant development (FAGERIA; BALIGAR; JONES, 2011; FAGERIA; NASCENTE, 2014)
Summary
The common bean has great economic importance for Brazil. In the 2018 harvest, the cultivated area was 3.2 million hectares, with a grain production of 3.1 million tons (CNPAF, 2020). Despite its importance, there is still low productivity, mainly in the rainy (1,225 kg ha-1) and dry (842 kg ha-1) seasons, due to the low use of technology (CNPAF, 2020). The winter season can be described as more technologically intensive, characterized by a huge use of industrial products (NASCENTE et al, 2012) and normally has a higher average grain yield, with about 2,596 kg ha-1 (CNPAF, 2020). These data indicate that the use of technology leads to significant increases in grain yield of the common bean. The adequate and balanced supply of nutrients to the common bean crop by liming and fertilizer use provides significant increases in crop productivity (KIPNGETICH; MWONGA; OJIEM, 2021)
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