Commercial Formulation of Chlorpyrifos Alters Neurological Behaviors and Fertility.

Enoka P. Kudavidanage,N. Lasni Wathima Nishshanke,D. M. I. Dissanayake,L. Dinithi C. Peiris,W. L. Rangi Keerthirathna

doi:10.3390/biology9030049

Enoka P. Kudavidanage, N. Lasni Wathima Nishshanke + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9030049

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Abstract

Pesticides are known to result in toxic insult. We aimed to evaluate Judo 40, the commercial formulation of chlorpyrifos on the neurological activities, fertility, and hormone levels of male rats. Male Wistar rats were treated orally with 1 mL of 20 or 50 mg/kg Judo 40. The doses were administered four times, twice a day. Sexual and exploratory behavior indices, fertility indices, serum androgen levels, blood acetylcholinesterase (BChE) levels, and neurological and muscular effects were evaluated. Serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone were significantly reduced in the rats receiving 50 mg/kg Judo 40. A reduction in viable implantation sites and live pups born were evident in the female rats mated with the male rats treated with the highest dose. Similarly, in the rats treated with the highest dose of Judo 40, a significant reduction in plasma BChE enzyme was observed. According to the results, prolonged Judo 40 exposure can cause impairment of the neurological alterations and sex hormones leading to impaired fertility. Therefore, chemical handlers should be educated on protection and risk minimization.

Highlights

The use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) has increased dramatically to meet the food demands of the growing population
Similar results were witnessed with the rats treated with 20 and 50 mg/kg Judo 40 when compared to the control
The present data suggest that Judo 40 could interfere with neuronal excitability and fertility, which is evident from blood acetylcholinesterase (BChE) levels, analgesic, muscle coordination, behavioral, sexual, and fertility

Summary

Introduction

The use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) has increased dramatically to meet the food demands of the growing population. Organophosphates are potentially hazardous to individuals involved in manufacturing, formulation, and application [1]. OPs are known for their wide application in industries, agriculture, and public health [2]. Most of the available literature links the disruption of the reproductive success of animals [3,4,5,6,7] including humans [8,9], to the neurotoxicity of pesticides [7]. Recent evidence suggests that prolonged exposure to chlorpyrifos (CPF) can be detrimental to nontarget organisms [4,12] including humans [11,13]

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