Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if commercially collected liquid porcine plasma contaminated with African swine fever virus (ASFV) and fed for 14 consecutive days would infect pigs. Commercially collected liquid porcine plasma was mixed with the serum from an ASFV experimentally infected pig. To simulate the potential of pigs slaughtered being ASFV viremic but asymptomatic and passing antemortem inspection, the ratio of liquid plasma from healthy animals to serum from an ASFV infected pig used in this study represented 0.4% or 2.0% of the pigs slaughtered being viremic (Studies 1 or 2, respectively). The contaminated liquid plasma was mixed on commercial feed and pigs were fed for 14 consecutive days providing to each pig 104.3 or 105.0 TCID50 ASFV daily (Studies 1 or 2, respectively). Pigs were observed for an additional 5 or 9 days (Studies 1 or 2, respectively). In both experiments, the pigs did not become infected with ASFV during the 14d feeding period or during the subsequent observation period. In these experiments, unprocessed liquid plasma contaminated with ASFV mixed on commercial feed and fed for 14 consecutive days did not infect pigs. From our results we can conclude that the infectious dose of ASFV on feed is much higher than that previously reported, at least with ASFV-spiked raw plasma.
Highlights
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is an enveloped dsDNA virus of the Asfarviridae family [1] that can cause high mortality in pigs of all ages
Commercially collected liquid porcine plasma (LPP) was contaminated with serum from ASFV infected pigs representing 0.4% or 2.0% of the pigs being slaughtered would be infected, asymptomatic and passed antemortem inspection
Feed was mixed with the contaminated LPP and fed to pigs for 14 consecutive days providing a daily dose of ASFV 104.3 or 105.0 log TCID50/pig followed by a 5 or 9 days observation period (Studies I and II, respectively)
Summary
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is an enveloped dsDNA virus of the Asfarviridae family [1] that can cause high mortality in pigs of all ages. Acute clinical forms of African swine fever (ASF) are characterized by high fever, loss of appetite, hemorrhages in the skin and internal organs, and death in 2–10 days. Mortality rates may be as high as 100%. Feed mixed with ASFV spiked plasma is not infective and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section
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