Abstract
Continuous glass fibers can be formed from melts with a wide range of compositions and viscosities. This chapter reviews pure silica fibers which are formed from highly viscous melts, silicate glass fibers with 50–70% SiO2 which are formed from moderately viscous melts, aluminate glass fibers with 50–80% Al2O3, as well as yttria-alumina-garnet (YAG) glass fibers which are formed from inviscid (literally non-viscous) melts. Commercial glass fibers are made for a variety of applications from pure silica rods and from silicate melts containing 50–70% SiO2 and 10–25% Al2O3. Boron-free, essentially boron-free, and borosilicate E-glass are general-purpose fibers. ERC-glass offers high corrosion resistance, HS-glass offers high-strength composites, D-glass offers a low dielectric constant, and A-glass offers the possibility of using waste container glass for less demanding applications.
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