Abstract
‘Meta-analysis’, coined by Gene Glass in 1976, is the ‘analysis of analyses’, denoting a systematic approach to summarizing the available peer-reviewed literature using statistical techniques.1 Most readers view a meta-analysis as a definitive summary of the state of the evidence, and meta-analyses have become an essential element in evidence-based decision making. Because meta-analysis involves a quantitative summary of the published data, it is sometimes interpreted as less biased and more objective than qualitative reviews of the literature or even individual studies. Over the past two decades the use of systematic reviews has exploded, with over 4000 published on human data in 2013 alone (as inventoried by PubMed).
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