Commentary: The impact of bariatric and metabolic surgery on cancer development.

Abstract

Obesity is associated with increased cancer risk and bariatric surgery -leading to substantial, sustainable weight loss -has repeatedly been found to be associated with a reduced risk. To increase the understanding of this expanding research field review articles that summarize results from different studies are needed. One such review is the recent publication from Lunger et al. (Lunger et al., 2022), in which pre-and post-interventional aspects of bariatric and metabolic surgery and its potential benefit on cancer development in patients with obesity is reviewed and discussed. We read this review with great interest, but as representatives of the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study group we need to point out that the statement regarding our previously published report specifically analyzing incidence of colorectal cancer is incorrect (Taube et al., 2021).In the review article by Lunger et al. it is stated that our study (Taube et al., 2021) demonstrates an increased risk of colorectal cancer with bariatric surgery and also that the risk increased steadily with time following surgery. In contrast, we found no evidence that colorectal cancer is affected by bariatric surgery (hazard ratiounadj with surgery= 0.79 (95% CI:0.55-1.12; p = 0.183). In addition, when analyzing rectal cancer events separately-we found a decreased risk of rectal cancer with surgery (HR unadj = 0.56; 95% CI:0.32-0.99; p = 0.045), while the risk of colon cancer was unchanged.