Abstract
Organic aerosol (OA) has a significant contribution to cloud formation and hence climate change. However, high uncertainties still exist in its impact on global climate, owing to the varying physical properties affected by the complex formation and aging processes. In this study, the hygroscopicity, volatility, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity, and chemical composition of particles were measured using a series of online instruments at a rural site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China in Fall 2019. During the campaign, the average hygroscopicity of OA (κOA) increased from 0.058 at 30 nm to 0.09 at 200 nm, suggesting a higher oxidation state of OA at larger particle sizes, supported by a higher fraction of extremely low volatile OA (ELVOA) for larger size particles. Significantly different diurnal patterns of κOA were observed between Aitken mode and accumulation mode. For Aitken mode (30–100 nm), the κOA values showed daily minima (0.02–0.07) during daytime, while exhibited a daytime peak (~0.09) in the accumulation mode. Coincidently, a daytime peak was observed for both aged biomass burning organic aerosol (aBBOA) and less oxygenated organic aerosol (LOOA) based on source apportionment, which were attributed to the aging processes and gas-particle partitioning through photochemical reactions. In addition, the fraction of semi-volatile OA (SVOA) was higher at all measured sizes during daytime than during nighttime. These results indicate that the formation of secondary OA (SOA) through gas-particle partitioning can generally occur at all diameters, while the aging processes of pre-existing particles are more dominated in the accumulation mode. Furthermore, we found that applying a fixed κOA value (0.1) could lead to an overestimation of the CCN number concentration (NCCN) up to 12 %–19 % at 0.1 %–0.7 % supersaturation (SS), which was more obvious at higher SS during daytime. Better prediction of NCCN could be achieved by using size-resolved diurnal κOA, which indicates that the size-dependence and diurnal variations of κOA can strongly affect the NCCN at different SS. Our results highlight the need for accurately evaluating the atmospheric evolution of OA at different size ranges, and their impact on the physicochemical properties and hence climate effects.
Highlights
The impact of aerosol particles on global climate is widely known, including absorbing and scattering solar radiation, and acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN)
The fraction of semi-volatile Organic aerosol (OA) (SVOA) was higher at all measured sizes during daytime than during nighttime. These results indicate that the formation of secondary OA (SOA) through gas-particle partitioning can generally occur at all diameters, while the aging processes of pre-existing particles are more dominated in the accumulation mode
Both primary OA (POA) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the ambient air remain poorly characterized in terms of the formation mechanism and atmospheric evolution, and their particle diameter can vary on a large scale
Summary
The impact of aerosol particles on global climate is widely known, including absorbing and scattering solar radiation, and acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Numerous studies show that secondary organic aerosol (SOA) accounts for a large OA fraction in most atmospheric environments (e.g., Huang et al, 2014;Shrivastava et al, 2017;Kanakidou et al, 2005;Hallquist et al, 2009). Both primary OA (POA) and SOA in the ambient air remain poorly characterized in terms of the formation mechanism and atmospheric evolution, and their particle diameter can vary on a large scale. Their impact on the global climate and atmospheric chemistry is still highly uncertain
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