Abstract
While oncogenic mutations of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) in head and neck malignancies are uncommon, analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies is growing. Further, single-cell analysis is being developed to overcome cancer cell heterogeneity and improve the poor survival of patients. However, it is important for researchers to know how to use this information to improve patients’ survival.
Highlights
Among head and neck malignancies, head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) comprise a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms arising from the squamous cell epithelium of the upper aerodigestive tract
The understanding of the molecular and genetic alterations leading to oncogenesis in head and neck cancers, including HNSCC, has dramatically increased in the past decade
This approach oversimplifies the complexity of the various genetic profiles existing in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and distorts results relating to the proportion and identity of cancer stem cells
Summary
Among head and neck malignancies, head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) comprise a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms arising from the squamous cell epithelium of the upper aerodigestive tract. The sites of the HNSCC development include the oral cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx. Squamous cell carcinomas arising from these sites account for the sixth most common malignancy worldwide [1]. The 5-year survival rates for HNSCCs have remained at approximately 50% for the past 40 years [2].
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