Abstract
For several decades scientists have been trying to understand the laws of biological growth and morphogenesis, with materials scientists and engineers making models of wonderful natural creations in order to reproduce their functional properties. The fact is that millions of years of evolution have created materials with characteristics that are still unattainable for artificial materials. A well-known example is the lotus leaf phenomenon, i.e. the lotus leaf self-cleaning ability, which has been well studied and widely applied in technology. A number of papers are devoted to studies of the structure of the natural shells of molluscan shellfish, which exhibit mechanical properties that are currently unfeasible for synthetic materials. Among the unsolved problems of biomimetics is that of reproducing the structure of nacre exhibiting a phenomenal external load stability. An intensive search is
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