Coming out in Mainland China: A national survey of LGBTQ students

Abstract

This study examined the school experience and its association with the mental health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) students in Mainland China. From 29 Chinese provinces/municipalities, 732 LGBTQ students (Mage = 20.7 ± 2.5) completed an online survey based on the Supporting LGBT Lives study. The findings revealed that most Chinese schools were not inclusive for LGBTQ students. Despite the lack of support of very few LGBTQ-specific school policy, teacher training, and curriculum reported by students, the majority of LGBTQ youth felt safe living and learning at school. As well, most LGBTQ students felt comfortable about their sexual orientation and had come out to someone; however, the majority remained closeted with their siblings, parents, or teachers. Furthermore, Chinese LGBTQ students were at great risk for psychological distresses—about 85% of them felt depressed and around 40% had suicidal thoughts. Having a more inclusive school climate and more school resources, especially a positive LGBTQ role model, were significantly associated with the reduction of LGBTQ students’ suicidal ideation. Given these findings, the authors strongly recommend further research, development, and implementation of robust LGBTQ-specific policy, training, and counseling be implemented immediately to improve the lives of Chinese LGBTQ youth.