Abstract
Coming Full Circle: From Antibiotics to Probiotics and Prebiotics
Highlights
Probiotics are live microbes that are used as agents to alter the composition or metabolic activities of the microbiota, or to modulate immune system reactivity in a way that benefits health [3,4]
There is increasing evidence that selected probiotic strains can provide health benefits to their human hosts and it is noteworthy that the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization have stated that there is adequate scientific evidence to indicate that there is potential for probiotics to provide health benefits [6]
The development of the microflora from the neonatal to the adult composition is very important with respect to the development of the intestinal mucosal immune system and its ability to discriminate between pathogenic microorganisms and the vast array of antigens to which it is exposed over a lifetime
Summary
Probiotics are live microbes that are used as agents to alter the composition or metabolic activities of the microbiota, or to modulate immune system reactivity in a way that benefits health [3,4]. It is believed that modulation of the normal microflora to benefit the host can be achieved through the use of prebiotics and probiotics. As solid foods are added to the infant’s diet, the microflora becomes similar regardless of breast feeding status, with Bacteroides and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci appearing in the flora.
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