Abstract
In April 2018, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted its Initial GHG Strategy, which defined goals for the international shipping sector to achieve by 2050: reducing CO2 emissions per transport work by 70% and total GHG emissions by at least 50% compared to 2008. As for SOx emissions from ships, the 0.5% global cap on the sulfur content of any fuel oil on board ships took effect on 1 January 2020. Biofuel is described as carbon neutral and, in general, has low levels of sulfur. For these reasons, it is expected to be more commonly used as a marine fuel in the future. However, biofuel emits more NOx from diesel engines, because its oxygen content is higher than that of gas oil.
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