Abstract
Our objective in this study was to promote the growth of bone cells on biomedical titanium (Ti) implant surfaces via surface modification involving sandblasting, alkaline etching, and type I collagen immobilization using the natural cross-linker genipin. The resulting surface was characterized in terms topography, roughness, wettability, and functional groups, respectively using field emission scanning electron microscopy, 3D profilometry, and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We then evaluated the adhesion, proliferation, initial differentiation, and mineralization of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Results show that sandblasting treatment greatly enhanced surface roughness to promote cell adhesion and proliferation and that the immobilization of type I collagen using genipin enhanced initial cell differentiation as well as mineralization in the extracellular matrix of hMSCs. Interestingly, the nano/submicro-scale pore network and/or hydrophilic features on sandblasted rough Ti surfaces were insufficient to promote cell growth. However, the combination of all proposed surface treatments produced ideal surface characteristics suited to Ti implant applications.
Highlights
The use of biomaterials in implants is a promising development in tissue rehabilitation
Researchers have developed a range of biomimetic coatings, such as hydroxyapatite and bioglass [2,7], as well as methods to promote the formation of bioactive phases via alkaline heat treatment, H2O2 treatment, and direct oxidation in air [2]
Sandblasting has been implemented in conjunction with other techniques, such as acid etching, to further enhance the benefits of surface modification [10,12]
Summary
The use of biomaterials in implants is a promising development in tissue rehabilitation. Researchers have developed a range of biomimetic coatings, such as hydroxyapatite and bioglass [2,7], as well as methods to promote the formation of bioactive phases via alkaline heat treatment, H2O2 treatment, and direct oxidation in air [2]. Another approach involves the sandblasting of Ti surfaces using alumina (Al2O3) particles to facilitate osseointegration by increasing surface roughness [8,9,10,11]: this approach has been shown to improve the interfacial shear strength between Ti and the surrounding bone. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been used as a surface coating layer to overcome this issue [12,16]; BMP-2 is costly and its application is hampered by the short half-life in vivo [17]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
