Combining pharmacy expertise with asthma educator certification: assessing the impact on inner-city asthma patients

Abstract

Objective: Asthma is one of the major causes of hospital readmissions in the South Bronx. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of asthma education provided by registered pharmacists with asthma educator certification (AE-C), on medication adherence and hospitalizations/Emergency Department (ED) visits. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of patients seen in the pulmonary clinic from October 2014 to August 2015 for asthma education by AE-C pharmacists. Medical records were reviewed over an 18-month period – 9 months before and after the initial asthma education session. Data obtained included adherence to asthma controller inhalers based on pharmacy refill claims, asthma control using asthma control test (ACT) scores and asthma-related hospitalizations or ED visits within 30 days of asthma education. Pre-education data served as the pre-intervention group data and post-education data served as the post-intervention group data, allowing each patient to serve as their own control. Results: We found a statistically significant improvement in average medication adherence, i.e. asthma controller inhaler fills at pharmacy (46.3% vs 67.9%, p-value <0.001) and asthma control (15.71% vs 56.38%, p-value <0.001) between the pre-intervention and the post-intervention groups. Additionally, a lower hospitalization/ED utilization rate (31.2% vs 6.38%, p-value <0.001) was observed in the post-intervention group within 30 days of education. Conclusions: Asthma education provided by AE-C pharmacists had a positive impact on asthma care in our inner-city community. Improving medication adherence and asthma control as well as decreasing hospital utilization could potentially decrease health care costs in addition to improving quality of life.