Abstract

Management of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in Florida tomato involves destroying inoculum sources, using reflective mulches to repel the vector, growing TYLCV-tolerant varieties, and using insecticidal control. Three new insecticides with distinct modes of action were evaluated for management of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and the whitefly-transmitted TYLCV. Chemicals were applied in paired combinations during the first 5 weeks after transplanting. Flupyradifurone (Sivanto) and cyantraniliprole (Cyazypyr™) are systemic insecticides that can be applied to soil or foliage and pyrifluquinazon is a translaminar material for foliar application. In order to determine optimal combination of chemicals with different modes of action for early-season whitefly control and virus suppression, systemic materials were soil-applied at-plant followed by foliar applications of a material with a distinct mode of action. Dinotefuran (Venom) was included as a standard at-plant material for comparison. Field trials were carried out using a split plot design with insecticide programs as main plot treatments which were split into plots covered under a floating row cover for the first 2 weeks after planting or left uncovered. The intention of the row cover treatment was to compare the degree of protection offered by at-plant treatments when the crop was exposed to virus immediately after transplanting to exposure two weeks after transplanting, and to determine if any at-plant treatment were comparable to mechanical exclusion of the vector. In fall 2012, when virus pressure was moderate, end of season virus incidence was lower than the untreated control in all chemical treatments except dinotefuran drench alone or followed by cyantraniliprole. Percentage virus in these 2 treatments were not significantly different from the untreated plots as of 5 weeks after transplanting in both fall trials (2012 and 2013). During both fall trials, percent virus was numerically lowest each week in either the flupyradifurone or flupyradifurone followed by pyrifluquinazon treatments, although the differences from other treatments were not always statistically significant. In spring 2013, when virus pressure was negligible, yield was higher in plots treated with dinotefuran followed by cyantraniliprole than in other treated plots, with the exception of flupyradifurone followed by cyantraniliprole. Row cover treatments were only partially successful, and did not indicate that any at-plant treatment was comparable to mechanical exclusion of the vector. Integration of new materials into insecticide recommendations and resistance management plans for Florida tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) production are discussed.

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