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Abstract
This study investigated whether having a dual identity as both a mother and an employed person constitutes a threat to well-being, or whether it is a positive resource. The study focused on indices of life satisfaction and self-esteem. A convenience sample of 208 mothers were exposed to a manipulation of identity conflict, whereby we manipulated whether working mothers perceived their identities as a mother and an employed person to be in conflict with each other or not. It was hypothesized that generally having multiple identities (as an employee and a mother) would be positively associated with well-being, that perceived identity conflict would have a negative impact on well-being, and that identity conflict would exacerbate the negative effects of identity-related stressors on well-being. Results supported these predictions. The applied implication is that policies that enable mothers to work will be conducive to maternal well-being, but that the policies must minimize conflict between demands associated with employment and parental responsibilities.
Highlights
Highlights ● Having a dual identity as both a mother and an employee person was positively associated with well-being in a sample of
The first regression model tested the effects of three predictors on ‘life satisfaction’: ‘identification with being a mother’, Table 1 Bivariate correlations between all measures and their means and standard deviations
The findings suggest that employment is good for mothers’ well-being: There was evidence that having a work identity on top of the parental identity was associated with greater well-being among the women in this sample
Summary
Highlights ● Having a dual identity as both a mother and an employee person was positively associated with well-being in a sample of. The effects of membership in multiple groups is theorized by role enhancement theories, which argue that multiple roles enhance well-being because satisfaction is generated by role fulfillment (Reid & Hardy, 1999) Taken together, this evidence suggests that it might be a case of ‘the more, the merrier’ when it comes to social identities: belonging to social groups is good for well-being, and being identified with multiple categories provides more bases from which to draw a sense of well-being. This evidence suggests that it might be a case of ‘the more, the merrier’ when it comes to social identities: belonging to social groups is good for well-being, and being identified with multiple categories provides more bases from which to draw a sense of well-being For this reason, in this study we expected that being self-identified as both a worker/ employed person as well as a mother would be associated with greater well-being
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