Combining high energy efficiency and fast charge-discharge capability in novel BaTiO3-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramic for energy-storage

Abstract

Compared with the other types of ceramic capacitors, relaxor ferroelectric ceramics demonstrate superior potential in energy-storage fields due to their higher energy efficiency, faster charge-discharge rate, and better temperature stability. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel high performance BaTiO3-based ((1-x)BaTiO3-xBi(Ni2/3Nb1/3)O3, x = 0.08, 0.10, 0.12, and 0.14) energy-storing ceramics through ferroelectric properties modulation, which display typical relaxor characteristics. The optimum energy storage properties, i.e. ultrahigh energy efficiency (95.9%), high energy-storage density (2.09 J cm−3) and good temperature stability (the fluctuations in energy-storage properties are less than 5% over 20–120 °C) are obtained at x = 0.12 (0.88BT-0.12BNN). The 0.88BT-0.12BNN relaxor ferroelectric ceramic demonstrates obviously superior comprehensive energy-storage properties than most of other unleaded ceramics. Besides, investigation efforts were also spent on the pulsed charge-discharge performance of the 0.88BT-0.12BNN ceramic to evaluate its feasibility as energy-storage devices. More importantly, the 0.88BT-0.12BNN ceramic also exhibits outstanding charge-discharge performance with fast discharge rate (t0.9 < 100 ns), a high level of power density (36.9 MW cm−3), and good temperature stability. These excellent performance parameters qualify this novel and environmentally friendly BaTiO3-based ceramic as a promising alternative option in energy-storage section. Meanwhile, this study also provides an effective approach to attain high energy-storage density as well as energy efficiency in BaTiO3-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics.