Abstract
Abstract Politicians and environmental professionals have pointed to the lack of scientific knowledge to support legislation for planning urban centers. Thus, this essay aims to provide ecological knowledge to assist politicians and environmental professionals in decision making regarding the Brazilian urban zoning. As a science, ecology provides the necessary knowledge to assist the creation of guidelines and standards for urban zoning. Specifically, landscape ecology shows different methods of work, which have as parameters the qualification and quantification of urban environments. These parameters can be used as criteria for planning sustainable cities. The field of urban ecology has demonstrated the importance of conserving green and blue areas (water bodies) in cities, as well as the need for the formation of multidisciplinary teams for urban management and elaboration of public policies pointed to zoning sustainability strategies. Generally, ecology show contributions that assist in the creation of guidelines and norms for Brazilian urban zoning. The suggestions provided through this essay are a starting point for improving the formulation of laws designed to develop and strengthen the legislation on Brazilian urban zoning.
Highlights
The Ecological-Economic Zoning (EEZ) is one of the main environmental planning tools in Brazil (Brasil, 2012a)
The EEZ has been regulated by federal law, it is known that urban land planning is carried out locally, that is, by municipal applicability (Souza, 2013)
Landscape ecology has shown the importance of maintaining a minimum proportion of one or more habitat types responsible for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services (Fahrig, 2013; Tews et al, 2004)
Summary
The Ecological-Economic Zoning (EEZ) is one of the main environmental planning tools in Brazil (Brasil, 2012a). The EEZ directs territorial planning, supporting social and economic development without abandoning environmental issues related to sustainability (Santos & Ranieri, 2013). The lack of interest to fulfill the EEZ is due to numerous and different normative regulations linked to it (Rech, 2013; Santos & Ranieri, 2013); mainly municipal laws (known as Master Plans), which are often not consistent in terms of the zoning of cities. The EEZ has been regulated by federal law, it is known that urban land planning is carried out locally, that is, by municipal applicability (Souza, 2013). The inefficiency of current public policies related to zoning allows economic and social interests that are not always compatible with environmental conservation to have greater decision-making power, causing severe damage to it (Leonelli & Campos, 2018; Rech, 2013)
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