Abstract
Key summary pointsAimTo specify the various diagnoses of cognitive disorders detected in post-hip fracture follow-up.FindingsPreviously undiagnosed cognitive disorders are common in older hip fracture patients and are associated with impaired physical functioning and poor nutritional status.MessageThe assessment of cognitive impairment is important alongside the comprehensive evaluation of hip fracture rehabilitation.
Highlights
Cognitive disorders and falls are two significant issues of the globally ageing population [1]
A flow chart of the whole study population leading to new diagnoses of cognitive disorders (NDCDs) appears in Fig. 1, regardless of the place where the diagnosis was made
NDCD was documented in 194 patients (23.3%), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) being the most common diagnosis (n = 79, 40.7%) followed by mixed cognitive disorder (AD combined with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), n = 73, 37.6%) and VCI alone (n = 23, 11.8%)
Summary
Cognitive disorders and falls are two significant issues of the globally ageing population [1]. The causal relationship between the two is considered multifactorial; cognitive disorders impair gait control, executive functions and stability, leading to increased risk of falls and related injuries [2, 3]. Up to 97% of hip fractures occur as a consequence of falls [4]. Cognitive impairment and dementia are common in hip fracture patients: studies have reported prevalences from 40% up to 85% [5]. Prefracture cognitive disorders have been found to be associated with adverse outcomes after hip fracture [6]. The definition of cognitive impairment frequently varies between studies [5, 7] and is regularly pooled under one term; dementia—an umbrella term for a range of neurodegenerative and vascular brain disorders.
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