Abstract
A study was performed using 6 × 6 F1 diallel population without reciprocals to assess the mode of inheritance of pod yield and related traits in groundnut with imposed salinity stress. Heterosis was found for pod number and yield. Data on general and specific combining ability (gca and sca) indicated additive and nonadditive gene actions. The gca: sca ratios were much less than unity suggesting predominant role of nonadditive gene effects. Cultivars “Binachinabadam-2” and “Dacca-1” and mutant M6/25/64-82 had the highest, second highest, and third highest pod number, as well as gca values, respectively. These two cultivars and another mutant M6/15/70-19 also had the highest, second highest, and third highest pod yield, as well as gca values, respectively. Therefore, “Dacca-1”, “Binachinabadam-2”, M6/25/64-82, and M6/15/70-19 could be used as source of salinity tolerance. Cross combinations showing high sca effects arising from parents with high and low gca values for any trait indicate the influence of nonadditive genes on their expression. Parents of these crosses can be used for biparental mating or reciprocal recurrent selection for developing high yielding varieties. Crosses with high sca effects having both parents with good gca effects could be exploited by pedigree breeding to get transgressive segregants.
Highlights
Salinity is one of the most serious environmental factors limiting crop productivity worldwide [1]
The climatic and edaphic conditions of saline areas of Bangladesh are suitable for growing groundnut, but this is limited by soil salinity and high pH [4, 7]
The variety “Dacca-1” showed higher tolerance in terms of both pod number and yield when exposed to 7–9 dS/m salinity stresses from flowering till harvest stages in glasshouse condition from August to January by showing relative pod and kernel yields higher than even the unstressed treatment [18]
Summary
Salinity is one of the most serious environmental factors limiting crop productivity worldwide [1]. In Bangladesh, in the coastal belt, 1.02 million ha of cultivated land is affected by varying degrees of soil salinity, 2.0 to >16 dS/m [3, 4]. Soil salinity in these areas remains lower from June to November but increases and accentuates from May onwards [5]. In order to grow in these conditions, a groundnut cultivar needs to tolerate up to 8 dS/m salinity If this was possible the groundnut area could be expanded to an additional 0.596 million hectares of saline-affected soil. Variety developed after mutation induction Parent — —.
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