Combining Ability Analysis for Yield and Yield Components in Eight Breeding Lines of Rice (&lt;i&gt;Oryza Sativa&lt;/i&gt; L.)

VN Onyia

doi:10.4314/as.v10i2.2

Abstract

Twenty-eight hybrids produced from diallel crossing excluding reciprocals among eight parents were studied along with the parents for combining ability for yield and 12 yield components. The study revealed the importance of both additive and non-additive gene effects in governing yield and most of the yield components with preponderance of non-additive gene action for most of the yield components. The analysis of variance for combining ability indicated that mean square due to general combining ability (GCA) was significant for all the characters except for number of tillers/m2, panicle length (cm), number of spikelets /panicle, number of fertile spikelets / panicle, 1000 – grain weight(g) and grain yield(tha-1) which was non significant. Mean square due to specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all the characters except for spikelets/panicle, fertile spikelets/panicle, 1000-grain weight(g) and grain yield(tha-1) which were non significant. This suggests the importance of both additive and non-additive gene effects in the materials under study. The parent WAB 450-I-B-163-41 was found to be a good general combiner. The hybrids WAB 56-144-FX x WAB 56-100, WAB 450-1-B-163-41 x IRAT 317,WAB 450 -1-B163-41 x IR 47-701-6-3-1, WAB 450-1-B-163-41 x IRAT 239,WAB 35-1-FX x WAB 56 -100, WAB 35 -1-FX x WAB 56-100, IRAT 239 x WAB 56 -100 and IRAT 317 x IRAT 239 have shown significant favorable (SCA) effect for yield and different yield components. Since non- additive/dominance components were higher than the additive components for all the characters in both F1 and F2 generations, bi parental mating and/or reciprocal recurrent selection could be used for genetic improvement of these characters.Keywords: Diallel analysis, combining ability, additive and non additive gene effects, GCA effect, SCA effect.

Highlights

Introduction2n = 24) belongs to the tribe Oryza under the sub family, Pooideae in the grass family, Poaceae (Gramineae)
The cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L. 2n = 24) belongs to the tribe Oryza under the sub family, Pooideae in the grass family, Poaceae (Gramineae)
All possible cross combinations excluding reciprocals were made among eight upland rice breeding lines: WAB 450-1-B-16314, IRAT 317, WAB 35-1-FX, IR-701-6-3-1, WAB 35-2-FX, WAB 56-144-FX, IRAT 239 and WAB 56-100 obtained from the National Cereals Research Institute (NCRI) Baddeggi, Niger State between 2002 and 2006 at the experimental field of the NCRI Amakanma Sub-station, Umuahia, Abia State Nigeria

Summary

Introduction

2n = 24) belongs to the tribe Oryza under the sub family, Pooideae in the grass family, Poaceae (Gramineae). Oryza species have already been attracting enormous attention from scientists world wide because of their economic importance. Phylogeny and genetic relationships of the Oryza species have been conducted (Chang, 1985, Morishinma et al, 1992, Wang et al, 1992, Lu et al, 1998). Rice has been cultivated in south – eastern Asia since ancient times where it is one of the oldest of food crops, but is grown in all regions of the world where conditions are suitable for its cultivation (Purseglove, 1975).

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