Combining 3D Visibility Analysis and Virtual Acoustics Analysis for the Architectural Study of Ancient Theatres

Abstract

AbstractThe research presented in this chapter demonstrates the fruitful combination of interdisciplinary and multisensory approaches in the field of archaeology. Several disciplines, such as architecture, archaeology, computer science, acoustics and geophysics, cooperated to obtain new data and to elaborate new hypotheses about the original structure of the Roman theatres in Crete. All the information available about these monuments (such as ancient drawings, descriptions of travellers, plans, archaeological reports, aerial pictures and geophysical anomalies) were the basis to hypothesise their original architecture, together with the support of comparisons with well-preserved Roman theatres and with Vitruvius’ proportions. These reconstructive hypotheses were visualised by 3D models and their accuracy was verified through a new methodology that sees the application of 3D visibility analysis and virtual acoustics analysis. The 3D visibility analysis was useful to verify the level of visibility of the stage by the spectators in the seating area. The virtual acoustics analysis was used to obtain quantitative values of acoustic parameters helpful to judge the acoustic quality of the 3D reconstructions. The auralisation was also carried out to attain a subjective parameter about acoustic perception. In particular, by 3D visibility analysis and virtual acoustics analysis, it is possible to verify the reliability and the accuracy of hypothetical reconstructions, assuming that every spectator was able to watch the stage and able to listen and to comprehend any performance. The case study presented here is the theatre at the acropolis of Gortyna. Two different 3D reconstructions were tested and it has resulted that the 3D model of the theatre which maintains some Greek characteristics is the most reliable one. This approach made it possible to obtain data that could not be obtained otherwise, as well as raising new questions and opening up new perspectives.