Abstract
The origin of the man on Earth is directly associated with the determination of directions of the flow distribution of the ancient man dispersal to adjacent territories. In such studies, mainly landscape and climatological changes are traditionally considered. We suggest that along with the above factors, regional tectonic-geodynamic factors played a dominant role in the character of dispersal. The considered African-Levantine-Caucasian region is one of the most geologically complex regions of the world, where collisional and spreading processes of geodynamics converge. For the first time, we determined an essential influence of the Akchagylian hydrospheric maximum (about 200 m above the mean sea level) limiting the early dispersal of hominins from Africa to Eurasia. We propose that the Levantine Corridor emerged after the end of the Akchagylian transgression and landscape forming in the Eastern Mediterranean. This corridor location was formed by the movements between the Dead Sea Transform and the boundary of the carbonate platform of the Mesozoic Terrane Belt. Further landscape evolution was largely determined by the geodynamic behavior of the deep mantle rotating structure occurring below the central part of the region under study. All the mentioned events around and in the Levantine Corridor have been studied in detail on the basis of the combined geodynamic, paleogeographic, and paleomagnetic analyses performed in northern Israel (Carmel Uplift and Galilee Plateau). Careful studies of the Evron Quarry geological section indicate that it is unique for the dating of marine and continental archaeological sequences and sheds light on the early dispersal of hominins along the Levantine Corridor.
Highlights
The problem of origin, features of evolution, changes in the landscape and climatic conditions of habitation and dispersal of ancient hominin forced to formulate a number of promising methodological and theoretical studies [1,2,3,4]. Since this most important research program is associated with the Late Cenozoic history of the Earth, we consider it necessary to reveal the leading geological and geophysical factors of the appearance and development of ancient humans in the transition zone from Africa to Eurasia [5,6]
African range range to Eurasia regions (Figure to Eurasia regions (Figure 1)
These data confirm the regional rotation of the deep mantle structure (Figure 2) over a long geological time, which could not but affect the instability of the structure and ecosystems of the Eastern Mediterranean, and the Levantine Corridor in particular
Summary
The problem of origin, features of evolution, changes in the landscape and climatic conditions of habitation and dispersal of ancient hominin forced to formulate a number of promising methodological and theoretical studies [1,2,3,4] Since this most important research program is associated with the Late Cenozoic history of the Earth (and with it, and with its most active tectonic region), we consider it necessary to reveal the leading geological and geophysical factors of the appearance and development of ancient humans in the transition zone from Africa to Eurasia [5,6]. A description and analysis of the comparison of the obtained materials with anthropological data are given below in the relevant sections
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