Abstract
Background and Aim:Both virgin coconut oil (VCO) and tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) are rich in antioxidants and may protect the bone against bone loss induced by ovariectomy and high-fat diet. The study aimed to determine the protective effects of combined therapy of VCO and TRF on osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) rat fed with high-fat diet.Materials and Methods:Thirty-six female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: Sham-operated (SHAM), OVX control, OVX and given Premarin at 64.5 µg/kg (OVX+E2), OVX and given VCO at 4.29 ml/kg (OVX+V), OVX and given TRF at 30 mg/kg (OVX+T), and OVX and given a combination of VCO at 4.29 ml/kg and TRF at 30 mg/kg (OVX+VT). Following 24 weeks of treatments, blood and femora samples were taken for analyses.Results:There were no significant differences in serum osteocalcin levels between the groups (p>0.05), while serum C-terminal telopeptide of Type I collagen levels of the OVX+VT group were significantly lower than the other groups (p<0.05). The dynamic bone histomorphometry analysis of the femur showed that the double-labeled surface/bone surface (dLS/BS), mineral apposition rate, and bone formation rate/BS of the OVX+E2, OVX+T, and OVX+VT groups were significantly higher than the rest of the groups (p<0.05).Conclusion:A combination of VCO and TRF has the potential as a therapeutic agent to restore bone loss induced by ovariectomy and high-fat diet.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is known as a silent metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitecture damage, resulting in increased risk of fractures
The dynamic bone histomorphometry analysis of the femur showed that the double-labeled surface/bone surface, mineral apposition rate, and bone formation rate/BS of the OVX+E2, OVX and given TRF at mg/kg (OVX+T), and OVX+VT groups were significantly higher than the rest of the groups (p
A combination of virgin coconut oil (VCO) and tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) has the potential as a therapeutic agent to restore bone loss induced by ovariectomy and high-fat diet
Summary
Osteoporosis is known as a silent metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitecture damage, resulting in increased risk of fractures. It is caused by reduced osteoblastic activity and increased osteoclastic activity. A combination of these two unhealthy diets has been shown to worsen the bone. Both virgin coconut oil (VCO) and tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) are rich in antioxidants and may protect the bone against bone loss induced by ovariectomy and high-fat diet. The study aimed to determine the protective effects of combined therapy of VCO and TRF on osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) rat fed with high-fat diet
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