Abstract
In this study, a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology and quadratic programming were used to maximize the total organic carbon (TOC) removal and minimize the H2O2 residual in the effluent of the combined UV-C/H2O2/VUV system for the treatment of actual slaughterhouse wastewater. The initial TOC concentration (TOCo), the initial concentration of H2O2, and the irradiation time were the three independent variables studied in the design of experiments. The multiple response approach was used to obtain desirability response surfaces at the optimum factor settings. Thus, the optimum conditions to achieve a maximum TOC removal of 46.19% and a minimum H2O2 residual of 1.05% were TOCo of 213 mg/L, H2O2,o of 450 mg/L, and irradiation time of 9 min. The obtained optimal operating conditions were validated with an additional test. Consequently, maximum TOC removal of 45.68% and minimum H2O2 residual of 1.03% were obtained experimentally, confirming the reliability of the statistical model. Keywords: Slaughterhouse Wastewater; Wastewater Treatment; UV-C/H2O2/VUV, Combined Processes; Design of Experiments; Optimization.
Highlights
The limitationof freshwater resources and population growth in one hand and progressively stricter regulations on the quality of discharged effluent on the other hand makes the reuse of industrial and municipal wastewater crucial (US EPA, 2004; Environment Canada, 2012)
The optimal parametric values for the design of experiments (DOE) were obtained by a Box-Behnken design (BBD) using three factors at three levels combined with response surface methodology (RSM)
UV-C/H2O2 process have proven the benefits of its application for the treatment of actual slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW)
Summary
The limitationof freshwater resources and population growth in one hand and progressively stricter regulations on the quality of discharged effluent on the other hand makes the reuse of industrial and municipal wastewater crucial (US EPA, 2004; Environment Canada, 2012). Biological wastewater treatment, which is the use of bacteria and other microorganisms for reducing the pollution level of wastewater, is known as the most common and cost-effective method of treatment for almost all types of industrial wastewater (Edalatmanesh et al, 2008; Chan et al, 2009). Even though these methods are an economical choice of treatment, several types of industrial wastewater such as those from petrochemical, pharmaceutical, slaughterhouse, leather, dye, pulp and paper, and pesticide manufacturing plants, contain considerable amounts of nonbiodegradable organic compounds and refractory to microorganisms (Mowla et al, 2014). The carcass and evisceration washing procedures are the main providers of organic content at slaughterhouse plants (Wang et al, 2009)
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