Combined Triazole Disinfectants and Their Influence on the Growth and Development of Spring Wheat Seedlings

Abstract

Seed treatment with fungicides is a crucial link in the plant protection system, and systemic drugs give the best effect. Therefore, it is very important to develop scientific foundations for the preparation of complex preparations with a low rate of consumption of the active substance and the inclusion of plant growth regulators that enhance growth processes and the yield of the main crop. In recent years, the directions of modification of known and practiced fungicides by various methods, including methods of mechanochemistry, have been promising. The problem of creating both new substances and their effective formulations remains urgent. Taking into account the prospects and high efficiency of triazole fungicides in the system of complex plant protection, the creation of multicomponent seed protectants of grain crops is proposed. The purpose of this study was to develop preparations based on tebuconazole (TBC) and propiconazole (PPC) in the form of solid dispersions (SD) and to study their biological activity on spring wheat plants in the conditions of the Trans-Urals. At the same time, the retardant effect of these triazoles was also studied with the help of the domestic growth regulator Floroxan. The use of new preparations on spring wheat made it possible to reduce the damage to the culture by root rot by 85–87%, productive bushiness increased by 6–11% compared to the control without treatment. A reliable increase in crop yield of 2.2 c/ha or 14% was obtained using preparation 2 (TD of the composition TBC : PPC : AG : silica = 1 : 1 : 7 : 1 + Phloroxane when the polysaccharide (AG) and the auxiliary substance of silica are included in the composition). The inclusion of the growth regulator Floroxan in the composition of the mordant mixture reduced the antioxidant effect of tebuconazole and stimulated the growth and development of wheat seedlings. It was proved that such a biological effect was achieved in conditions of drought of varying intensity during the growing season of 2021–2022.