Abstract
In this study the effect of surface modification of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) on its adsorption capacities and protein stability after immobilization of beta-lactoglobulin B (BLG-B) was investigated. For this purpose, non-functionalized (KIT-6) and aminopropyl-functionalized cubic Ia3d mesoporous silica ([n-PrNH2-KIT-6]) nanoparticles were used as nanoporous supports. Aminopropyl-functionalized mesoporous nanoparticles exhibited more potential candidates for BLG-B adsorption and minimum BLG leaching than non-functionalized nanoparticles. It was observed that the amount of adsorbed BLG is dependent on the initial BLG concentration for both KIT-6 and [n-PrNH2-KIT-6] mesoporous nanoparticles. Also larger amounts of BLG-B on KIT-6 was immobilized upon raising the temperature of the medium from 4 to 55 °C while such increase was undetectable in the case of immobilization of BLG-B on the [n-PrNH2-KIT-6]. At temperatures above 55 °C the amounts of adsorbed BLG on both studied nanomaterials decreased significantly. By Differential scanning calorimetry or DSC analysis the heterogeneity of the protein solution and increase in Tm may indicate that immobilization of BLG-B onto the modified KIT-6 results in higher thermal stability compared to unmodified one. The obtained results provide several crucial factors in determining the mechanism(s) of protein adsorption and stability on the nanostructured solid supports and the development of engineered nano-biomaterials for controlled drug-delivery systems and biomimetic interfaces for the immobilization of living cells.
Highlights
The design of new nanoporous biomaterials with appropriate properties for the efficient immobilization of bio-macromolecules has great potential in different areas, such as biotechnology, biocatalysts, protein-delivery systems and biosensors [1]
It was observed that the KIT-6 support adsorbed 28.1% of the beta-lactoglobulin B (BLG-B), while our previously data demonstrated higher protein adsorption (63.8%) occurred on functionalized KIT-6 [46]
The shape of the isotherm curves exhibited a slower adsorption rate of BLG onto the KIT-6 surfaces compared to [n-PrNH2-KIT-6]. These results reveal that immobilization of protein on the nanoporous matrixes was strongly dependent on the bulk concentration of the BLG-B solutions; the adsorbed amount on solid supports gradually increased with the raising protein solution concentration
Summary
The design of new nanoporous biomaterials with appropriate properties for the efficient immobilization of bio-macromolecules has great potential in different areas, such as biotechnology, biocatalysts, protein-delivery systems and biosensors [1]. The main strategy is based on the synthesis and development of functional biocompatible host supports with suitable interfacial structures assuring firm attachment of bio-macromolecules while preserving their native structures and corresponding functions as much as possible. In order to enhance the efficiency of native biological molecules immobilization on the solid supports, it is highly recommended to develop nanostructured matrices with large surfaces, high porosity and stabilities. Nanotechnology progress in bio-analytical applications have created inorganic phases with excellent and suitable interfaces with nanostructured, highly ordered pore size distributions and high surface areas such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MPNs) for immobilization of a wide range of proteins [1,2,3].
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