Abstract
The method of yaw model is used to establish aerodynamic property of heavy truck in computational fluid dynamics and wind tunnel test. A model of multi-body system simulation for heavy truck is built based on design and measure data from body, driving system, steering system, braking system, and powertrain system with TruckSim. Aerodynamic reference point of Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) and aerodynamic coefficients are as the interface to integrate computational fluid dynamics and multi-body system simulation. A sudden and discontinuous direction change of crosswind is set up in multi-body system simulation, and dynamic performance of the heavy truck is performed by open-loop and closed-loop simulation. Under the given simulation case, lateral offset of the truck for open-loop simulation is 1.55 m and more than that for closed-loop simulation; the roll rate range of both simulations is −1.49°/s to 1.695°/s, the range of lateral acceleration is −0.497 m/s2 to 0.447 m/s2 in open-loop simulation, the range of lateral acceleration is −0.467 m/s2 to 0.434 m/s2 in closed-loop simulation; the range of yaw rate is −1.36°/s to 1.284°/s in open-loop simulation, the range of yaw rate is −0.703°/s to 0.815°/s in closed-loop simulation. The results show that combined simulation of the heavy truck stability can be completed by computational fluid dynamics and multi-body system software under sudden and discontinuous direction change of crosswind.
Highlights
With the rapid development of road and highway network, the scale of automotive industry is expanding in the world
When a vehicle is driving on road and highway, it is often affected by crosswind from environment, which is a significant impact on vehicle handling, stability, or safety and may even lead to accidents
In order to reproduce practical aerodynamic characteristics of heavy truck under crosswind, aerodynamic characteristics are obtained based on method of yaw model in wind tunnel test and computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Summary
With the rapid development of road and highway network, the scale of automotive industry is expanding in the world. Wind tunnel test and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation are two main methods for investigating aerodynamic characteristics of a vehicle under crosswind. A few scholars established a vehicle model and loaded aerodynamic lateral force at the pressure center position to simulate the handling or stability under steady or transient crosswind.[14,15] Yaw rate, lateral acceleration or lateral displacement of the vehicle is characterized to analyze the impact of vehicle handling, stability, or safety under crosswind. These researches are of significance, but aerodynamic forces are loaded in pressure center in these studies. Aerodynamic reference point of Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) and aerodynamic coefficients are used to integrate CFD simulation and multi-body system (MBS) dynamics simulation, to analyze sudden and discontinuous direction change of crosswind effects on dynamic behavior of the heavy truck
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