Abstract
Although the precise pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia remains unknown, this condition continues to be a major cause of maternal and fetal mortality. Early prediction of pre-eclampsia would allow for timely initiation of preventive therapy. A combination of biophysical and biochemical markers are superior to other tests for early prediction of the development of pre-eclampsia. Apart from the use of parameters in first-trimester aneuploidy screening, cell-free fetal DNA quantification is emerging as a promising marker for prediction of pre-eclampsia. This article reviews the current research of the most important strategies for prediction of pre-eclampsia, including the use of maternal risk factors, mean maternal arterial pressure, ultrasound parameters, and biomarkers.
Highlights
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic disorder that originates in early pregnancy and leads to considerable maternal morbidity and mortality [1,2,3]
We reviewed the potential of novel biomarkers, such as cell-free fetal DNA generated by novel research strategies, to attempt to improve the predictive performance of the existing models
This study reported that with combined screening by maternal factors at a false-positive rate of 5%, approximately 80% of PE patients deliver before 34 weeks’
Summary
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic disorder that originates in early pregnancy and leads to considerable maternal morbidity and mortality [1,2,3]. Various national and international agencies currently recommend that women deemed to be at high risk of PE should be offered aspirin therapy [13,14] This reinforces the need for early identification of high risk women with the objective of implementing targeted interventions for improving perinatal and maternal outcomes. A combination of maternal risk factors, the uterine artery pulsatility index (PI), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), placental growth factor (PlGF), PP13, and fetal hemoglobin levels at 11–13 weeks’ gestation can be used to identify a high proportion of pregnancies at high risk for early-onset PE [18,19,20,21,22,23]. We reviewed the potential of novel biomarkers, such as cell-free fetal DNA generated by novel research strategies, to attempt to improve the predictive performance of the existing models
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