Abstract
In this paper, we present an approach based on the simultaneous use of multilevel monitoring systems for the ground and surface water and wavelet-based analysis of the time series observed to detect the main mechanisms influencing the water level, electrical conductivity (EC) and temperature (T) in ground and surface water of the river Neretva coastal aquifer system. Although the area of interest is under significant impact of seawater intrusion, the presented approach enabled the insight to transient response of the system to external loadings like precipitation and irrigation system primarily. The capacity of the monitoring system has been demonstrated on two different subareas, respectively, Diga and Jasenska. While the Diga area is shown to be under significant influence of the seawater, the Jasenska area shows sensitivity to precipitation and pumping station (PS) Modric operative regime. Groundwater parameters as observed during dry periods at Jasenska show the presence of stratification. Wavelet-based analysis enabled the determination of the interdependence of the variables of interest as well as their temporal dependence. Determined regimes of the surface water, as found within the Jasenska channel, are additionally supported by the in situ profiling results, thus strengthening the findings of the study. Our findings reflect the capacity of the approach to capture for the stratification of the groundwater parameters induced by seawater intrusion and external loadings.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilGroundwater in coastal areas has been commonly recognized as an important source of drinking water as well as a precondition for sustainable agricultural production [1,2]. the utmost importance of the groundwater resources in coastal aquifer systems, it has faced the negative effects caused by seawater intrusion [3,4,5,6]
This paper offers a comprehensive interpretation of the processes influencing ground and surface water level, electrical conductivity (EC) and T along the Diga and Jasenka subareas within the Neretva river coastal system
This is the first paper dealing with the combined approach of using a multilevel monitoring supported by wavelet-based analysis when applied to Neretva coastal aquifer system
Summary
The utmost importance of the groundwater resources in coastal aquifer systems, it has faced the negative effects caused by seawater intrusion [3,4,5,6] This has been identified in the past through reduction in quality indicator values, such as groundwater temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC) and salinity (Sal), as shown in many previous studies [7,8,9]. The latter implies the necessity for various approaches to tackle the negative effects of the seawater intrusion and testing of appropriate mitigation measures with a final goal to ensure a sufficient volume of water of an appropriate quality. Monitoring has been widely used as a reliable approach when the seawater intrusion and its relevance upon ground and surface water in coastal aquifers are of interest [10,11,12,13].
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