Combined modality therapy for mediastinal Hodgkin's disease. Prognostic significance of constitutional symptoms and size of disease.

Abstract

Combined modality therapy was used in an attempt to increase the complete remission rate and survival of previously untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease. MOPP (nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procabazine, prednisone) chemotherapy was followed by radiotherapy. The median duration of follow-up exceeded 5 years. Complete remissions were achieved in 63 of 71 patients (89%) with mediastinal masses. The actuarial survival of 10 years was 72% for patients with small mediastinal masses (mediastinal mass ratio less than 0.35) and 46% for patients with large mediastinal masses (P less than 0.05). The corresponding disease-free survival figures were 69% and 46%, respectively (P less than 0.05). A small mediastinal mass did not affect prognosis. Systemic symptoms especially affected the prognosis in patients with a large mediastinal mass, since in symptomatic patients the actuarial survival and freedom from relapse were 19%, whereas all asymptomatic patients survived without relapse. In patients with a small mediastinal mass, systemic symptoms had no significant effect on the actuarial survival or disease free survival. Age and stage did not affect the prognosis in patients with large mediastinal masses. It was concluded that MOPP chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy was an adequate treatment for asymptomatic patients with large mediastinal disease. However, in symptomatic patients with large mediastinal masses, this treatment was clearly inadequate.