Combined Massive Allograft and Intramedullary Vascularized Fibula Transfer: The Capanna Technique for Lower-Limb Reconstruction

Abstract

Limb salvage has now replaced amputation as the standard treatment for primary bone tumors and can usually be offered to more than 85% of patients. Recently, a novel approach to limb salvage has been described by Capanna and colleagues whereby a massive bone allograft and intramedullary vascularized fibula are combined to reconstruct large, segmental bone defects. This produces a structurally competent reconstruction with enhanced vascular and osteogenic capabilities and the potential to achieve lower rates of infection, fracture, and nonunion. The Capanna technique has become a well-established means of long bone reconstruction and limb salvage in cases of large bony resection. The operative technique and reported outcomes of the Capanna technique are reviewed, and cases are presented.