Combined Laparoscopically Harvested Omental Flap With Meshed Skin Grafts and Vacuum-Assisted Closure for Reconstruction of Complex Chest Wall Defects

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Chest wall reconstruction after radiation damage is a challenge in oncologic and plastic surgery. The defect can be reconstructed with laparoscopically harvested omental flap and meshed skin grafts. Our aim was to evaluate the use of vacuum-assisted closure (V.A.C.) in combination with laparoscopically harvested omental flap and meshed skin graft for treating these complex wounds. Between October 2003 and December 2004, 11 patients underwent a chest wall reconstruction with laparoscopic omentoplasty and V.A.C. treatment of severe chest wall radionecrosis after breast cancer treatment (n = 10) or for locally advanced breast cancer treated first by irradiation (n = 1). Laparoscopic harvesting was uneventful in 10 cases. One patient had a laparoscopic transverse colic resection because of a middle colic artery injury. Mean time of the laparoscopic procedure was 53 minutes (range: 35-120). Wound surface area averaged 360 cm (range: 80-750). The mean duration of V.A.C. treatment was 9.3 days (range: 6-16). Nine patients showed primary wound healing without adverse events. Complications occurred in 3 patients. One developed a pulmonary infection and died after healing during the postoperative course. One presented a partial flap loss, leading to delayed healing after 45 days. One patient with severe radiation damage and a complete brachial plexus paralysis required a shoulder amputation after an extensive necrosis. All but 1 patient are alive and resumed their normal daily activities. Combination of laparoscopic omentoplasty and V.A.C. can successfully be used for reconstruction of complex chest wall radiation damage.